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    Default Propaganda......weapon of mass influence...

    can break down in detail on both....

    a) specific examples of how denial plays out when a person is confronted with indisputable facts...

    b) specific examples of a disinformation agent trying to spin and twist facts to promote their propaganda.

    Propaganda is real and has been around in every war, detention camp, and now even in mainstream media where the average person will not catch on unless provided with specific examples......
    Replacing remocrats with depublicans isn't kicking anyone out.....It's just rearranging deck chairs on the Titanic.

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    Default

    Someone ban this asshole for spamming already...
    Jingo!

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    Default

    Quote Originally Posted by Victor Grey View Post
    Someone ban this asshole for spamming already...
    Hey so called victor........something tells me you are roll playing and haven't been victorious in a fucking thing in your life.......
    Replacing remocrats with depublicans isn't kicking anyone out.....It's just rearranging deck chairs on the Titanic.

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    Default INTRODUCTION

    INTRODUCTION



    1. The Industrial Revolution and its consequences have been a disaster
    for the human race. They have greatly increased the life-expectancy of
    those of us who live in "advanced" countries, but they have
    destabilized society, have made life unfulfilling, have subjected
    human beings to indignities, have led to widespread psychological
    suffering (in the Third World to physical suffering as well) and have
    inflicted severe damage on the natural world. The continued
    development of technology will worsen the situation. It will certainly
    subject human beings to greater indignities and inflict greater damage
    on the natural world, it will probably lead to greater social
    disruption and psychological suffering, and it may lead to increased
    physical suffering even in "advanced" countries.

    2. The industrial-technological system may survive or it may break
    down. If it survives, it MAY eventually achieve a low level of
    physical and psychological suffering, but only after passing through a
    long and very painful period of adjustment and only at the cost of
    permanently reducing human beings and many other living organisms to
    engineered products and mere cogs in the social machine. Furthermore,
    if the system survives, the consequences will be inevitable: There is
    no way of reforming or modifying the system so as to prevent it from
    depriving people of dignity and autonomy.

    3. If the system breaks down the consequences will still be very
    painful. But the bigger the system grows the more disastrous the
    results of its breakdown will be, so if it is to break down it had
    best break down sooner rather than later.

    4. We therefore advocate a revolution against the industrial system.
    This revolution may or may not make use of violence: it may be sudden
    or it may be a relatively gradual process spanning a few decades. We
    can't predict any of that. But we do outline in a very general way the
    measures that those who hate the industrial system should take in
    order to prepare the way for a revolution against that form of
    society. This is not to be a POLITICAL revolution. Its object will be
    to overthrow not governments but the economic and technological basis
    of the present society.

    5. In this article we give attention to only some of the negative
    developments that have grown out of the industrial-technological
    system. Other such developments we mention only briefly or ignore
    altogether. This does not mean that we regard these other developments
    as unimportant. For practical reasons we have to confine our
    discussion to areas that have received insufficient public attention
    or in which we have something new to say. For example, since there are
    well-developed environmental and wilderness movements, we have written
    very little about environmental degradation or the destruction of wild
    nature, even though we consider these to be highly important.

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    Default THE PSYCHOLOGY OF MODERN LEFTISM

    THE PSYCHOLOGY OF MODERN LEFTISM



    6. Almost everyone will agree that we live in a deeply troubled
    society. One of the most widespread manifestations of the craziness of
    our world is leftism, so a discussion of the psychology of leftism can
    serve as an introduction to the discussion of the problems of modern
    society in general.

    7. But what is leftism? During the first half of the 20th century
    leftism could have been practically identified with socialism. Today
    the movement is fragmented and it is not clear who can properly be
    called a leftist. When we speak of leftists in this article we have in
    mind mainly socialists, collectivists, "politically correct" types,
    feminists, gay and disability activists, animal rights activists and
    the like. But not everyone who is associated with one of these
    movements is a leftist. What we are trying to get at in discussing
    leftism is not so much a movement or an ideology as a psychological
    type, or rather a collection of related types. Thus, what we mean by
    "leftism" will emerge more clearly in the course of our discussion of
    leftist psychology (Also, see paragraphs 227-230.)

    8. Even so, our conception of leftism will remain a good deal less
    clear than we would wish, but there doesn't seem to be any remedy for
    this. All we are trying to do is indicate in a rough and approximate
    way the two psychological tendencies that we believe are the main
    driving force of modern leftism. We by no means claim to be telling
    the WHOLE truth about leftist psychology. Also, our discussion is
    meant to apply to modern leftism only. We leave open the question of
    the extent to which our discussion could be applied to the leftists of
    the 19th and early 20th century.

    9. The two psychological tendencies that underlie modern leftism we
    call "feelings of inferiority" and "oversocialization." Feelings of
    inferiority are characteristic of modern leftism as a whole, while
    oversocialization is characteristic only of a certain segment of
    modern leftism; but this segment is highly influential.

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    Default FEELINGS OF INFERIORITY

    FEELINGS OF INFERIORITY



    10. By "feelings of inferiority" we mean not only inferiority feelings
    in the strictest sense but a whole spectrum of related traits: low
    self-esteem, feelings of powerlessness, depressive tendencies,
    defeatism, guilt, self-hatred, etc. We argue that modern leftists tend
    to have such feelings (possibly more or less repressed) and that these
    feelings are decisive in determining the direction of modern leftism.

    11. When someone interprets as derogatory almost anything that is said
    about him (or about groups with whom he identifies) we conclude that
    he has inferiority feelings or low self-esteem. This tendency is
    pronounced among minority rights advocates, whether or not they belong
    to the minority groups whose rights they defend. They are
    hypersensitive about the words used to designate minorities. The terms
    "negro," "oriental," "handicapped" or "chick" for an African, an
    Asian, a disabled person or a woman originally had no derogatory
    connotation. "Broad" and "chick" were merely the feminine equivalents
    of "guy," "dude" or "fellow." The negative connotations have been
    attached to these terms by the activists themselves. Some animal
    rights advocates have gone so far as to reject the word "pet" and
    insist on its replacement by "animal companion." Leftist
    anthropologists go to great lengths to avoid saying anything about
    primitive peoples that could conceivably be interpreted as negative.
    They want to replace the word "primitive" by "nonliterate." They seem
    almost paranoid about anything that might suggest that any primitive
    culture is inferior to our own. (We do not mean to imply that
    primitive cultures ARE inferior to ours. We merely point out the
    hypersensitivity of leftish anthropologists.)

    12. Those who are most sensitive about "politically incorrect"
    terminology are not the average black ghetto-dweller, Asian immigrant,
    abused woman or disabled person, but a minority of activists, many of
    whom do not even belong to any "oppressed" group but come from
    privileged strata of society. Political correctness has its stronghold
    among university professors, who have secure employment with
    comfortable salaries, and the majority of whom are heterosexual, white
    males from middle-class families.

    13. Many leftists have an intense identification with the problems of
    groups that have an image of being weak (women), defeated (American
    Indians), repellent (homosexuals), or otherwise inferior. The leftists
    themselves feel that these groups are inferior. They would never admit
    it to themselves that they have such feelings, but it is precisely
    because they do see these groups as inferior that they identify with
    their problems. (We do not suggest that women, Indians, etc., ARE
    inferior; we are only making a point about leftist psychology).

    14. Feminists are desperately anxious to prove that women are as
    strong as capable as men. Clearly they are nagged by a fear that women
    may NOT be as strong and as capable as men.

    15. Leftists tend to hate anything that has an image of being strong,
    good and successful. They hate America, they hate Western
    civilization, they hate white males, they hate rationality. The
    reasons that leftists give for hating the West, etc. clearly do not
    correspond with their real motives. They SAY they hate the West
    because it is warlike, imperialistic, sexist, ethnocentric and so
    forth, but where these same faults appear in socialist countries or in
    primitive cultures, the leftist finds excuses for them, or at best he
    GRUDGINGLY admits that they exist; whereas he ENTHUSIASTICALLY points
    out (and often greatly exaggerates) these faults where they appear in
    Western civilization. Thus it is clear that these faults are not the
    leftist's real motive for hating America and the West. He hates
    America and the West because they are strong and successful.

    16. Words like "self-confidence," "self-reliance," "initiative",
    "enterprise," "optimism," etc. play little role in the liberal and
    leftist vocabulary. The leftist is anti-individualistic,
    pro-collectivist. He wants society to solve everyone's needs for them,
    take care of them. He is not the sort of person who has an inner sense
    of confidence in his own ability to solve his own problems and satisfy
    his own needs. The leftist is antagonistic to the concept of
    competition because, deep inside, he feels like a loser.

    17. Art forms that appeal to modern leftist intellectuals tend to
    focus on sordidness, defeat and despair, or else they take an
    orgiastic tone, throwing off rational control as if there were no hope
    of accomplishing anything through rational calculation and all that
    was left was to immerse oneself in the sensations of the moment.

    18. Modern leftist philosophers tend to dismiss reason, science,
    objective reality and to insist that everything is culturally
    relative. It is true that one can ask serious questions about the
    foundations of scientific knowledge and about how, if at all, the
    concept of objective reality can be defined. But it is obvious that
    modern leftist philosophers are not simply cool-headed logicians
    systematically analyzing the foundations of knowledge. They are deeply
    involved emotionally in their attack on truth and reality. They attack
    these concepts because of their own psychological needs. For one
    thing, their attack is an outlet for hostility, and, to the extent
    that it is successful, it satisfies the drive for power. More
    importantly, the leftist hates science and rationality because they
    classify certain beliefs as true (i.e., successful, superior) and
    other beliefs as false (i.e. failed, inferior). The leftist's feelings
    of inferiority run so deep that he cannot tolerate any classification
    of some things as successful or superior and other things as failed or
    inferior. This also underlies the rejection by many leftists of the
    concept of mental illness and of the utility of IQ tests. Leftists are
    antagonistic to genetic explanations of human abilities or behavior
    because such explanations tend to make some persons appear superior or
    inferior to others. Leftists prefer to give society the credit or
    blame for an individual's ability or lack of it. Thus if a person is
    "inferior" it is not his fault, but society's, because he has not been
    brought up properly.

    19. The leftist is not typically the kind of person whose feelings of
    inferiority make him a braggart, an egotist, a bully, a self-promoter,
    a ruthless competitor. This kind of person has not wholly lost faith
    in himself. He has a deficit in his sense of power and self-worth, but
    he can still conceive of himself as having the capacity to be strong,
    and his efforts to make himself strong produce his unpleasant
    behavior. [1] But the leftist is too far gone for that. His feelings
    of inferiority are so ingrained that he cannot conceive of himself as
    individually strong and valuable. Hence the collectivism of the
    leftist. He can feel strong only as a member of a large organization
    or a mass movement with which he identifies himself.

    20. Notice the masochistic tendency of leftist tactics. Leftists
    protest by lying down in front of vehicles, they intentionally provoke
    police or racists to abuse them, etc. These tactics may often be
    effective, but many leftists use them not as a means to an end but
    because they PREFER masochistic tactics. Self-hatred is a leftist
    trait.

    21. Leftists may claim that their activism is motivated by compassion
    or by moral principle, and moral principle does play a role for the
    leftist of the oversocialized type. But compassion and moral principle
    cannot be the main motives for leftist activism. Hostility is too
    prominent a component of leftist behavior; so is the drive for power.
    Moreover, much leftist behavior is not rationally calculated to be of
    benefit to the people whom the leftists claim to be trying to help.
    For example, if one believes that affirmative action is good for black
    people, does it make sense to demand affirmative action in hostile or
    dogmatic terms? Obviously it would be more productive to take a
    diplomatic and conciliatory approach that would make at least verbal
    and symbolic concessions to white people who think that affirmative
    action discriminates against them. But leftist activists do not take
    such an approach because it would not satisfy their emotional needs.
    Helping black people is not their real goal. Instead, race problems
    serve as an excuse for them to express their own hostility and
    frustrated need for power. In doing so they actually harm black
    people, because the activists' hostile attitude toward the white
    majority tends to intensify race hatred.

    22. If our society had no social problems at all, the leftists would
    have to INVENT problems in order to provide themselves with an excuse
    for making a fuss.

    23. We emphasize that the foregoing does not pretend to be an accurate
    description of everyone who might be considered a leftist. It is only
    a rough indication of a general tendency of leftism.

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    Default OVERSOCIALIZATION

    OVERSOCIALIZATION



    24. Psychologists use the term "socialization" to designate the
    process by which children are trained to think and act as society
    demands. A person is said to be well socialized if he believes in and
    obeys the moral code of his society and fits in well as a functioning
    part of that society. It may seem senseless to say that many leftists
    are over-socialized, since the leftist is perceived as a rebel.
    Nevertheless, the position can be defended. Many leftists are not such
    rebels as they seem.

    25. The moral code of our society is so demanding that no one can
    think, feel and act in a completely moral way. For example, we are not
    supposed to hate anyone, yet almost everyone hates somebody at some
    time or other, whether he admits it to himself or not. Some people are
    so highly socialized that the attempt to think, feel and act morally
    imposes a severe burden on them. In order to avoid feelings of guilt,
    they continually have to deceive themselves about their own motives
    and find moral explanations for feelings and actions that in reality
    have a non-moral origin. We use the term "oversocialized" to describe
    such people. [2]

    26. Oversocialization can lead to low self-esteem, a sense of
    powerlessness, defeatism, guilt, etc. One of the most important means
    by which our society socializes children is by making them feel
    ashamed of behavior or speech that is contrary to society's
    expectations. If this is overdone, or if a particular child is
    especially susceptible to such feelings, he ends by feeling ashamed of
    HIMSELF. Moreover the thought and the behavior of the oversocialized
    person are more restricted by society's expectations than are those of
    the lightly socialized person. The majority of people engage in a
    significant amount of naughty behavior. They lie, they commit petty
    thefts, they break traffic laws, they goof off at work, they hate
    someone, they say spiteful things or they use some underhanded trick
    to get ahead of the other guy. The oversocialized person cannot do
    these things, or if he does do them he generates in himself a sense of
    shame and self-hatred. The oversocialized person cannot even
    experience, without guilt, thoughts or feelings that are contrary to
    the accepted morality; he cannot think "unclean" thoughts. And
    socialization is not just a matter of morality; we are socialized to
    confirm to many norms of behavior that do not fall under the heading
    of morality. Thus the oversocialized person is kept on a psychological
    leash and spends his life running on rails that society has laid down
    for him. In many oversocialized people this results in a sense of
    constraint and powerlessness that can be a severe hardship. We suggest
    that oversocialization is among the more serious cruelties that human
    beings inflict on one another.

    27. We argue that a very important and influential segment of the
    modern left is oversocialized and that their oversocialization is of
    great importance in determining the direction of modern leftism.
    Leftists of the oversocialized type tend to be intellectuals or
    members of the upper-middle class. Notice that university
    intellectuals (3) constitute the most highly socialized segment of our
    society and also the most left-wing segment.

    28. The leftist of the oversocialized type tries to get off his
    psychological leash and assert his autonomy by rebelling. But usually
    he is not strong enough to rebel against the most basic values of
    society. Generally speaking, the goals of today's leftists are NOT in
    conflict with the accepted morality. On the contrary, the left takes
    an accepted moral principle, adopts it as its own, and then accuses
    mainstream society of violating that principle. Examples: racial
    equality, equality of the sexes, helping poor people, peace as opposed
    to war, nonviolence generally, freedom of expression, kindness to
    animals. More fundamentally, the duty of the individual to serve
    society and the duty of society to take care of the individual. All
    these have been deeply rooted values of our society (or at least of
    its middle and upper classes (4) for a long time. These values are
    explicitly or implicitly expressed or presupposed in most of the
    material presented to us by the mainstream communications media and
    the educational system. Leftists, especially those of the
    oversocialized type, usually do not rebel against these principles but
    justify their hostility to society by claiming (with some degree of
    truth) that society is not living up to these principles.

    29. Here is an illustration of the way in which the oversocialized
    leftist shows his real attachment to the conventional attitudes of our
    society while pretending to be in rebellion against it. Many leftists
    push for affirmative action, for moving black people into
    high-prestige jobs, for improved education in black schools and more
    money for such schools; the way of life of the black "underclass" they
    regard as a social disgrace. They want to integrate the black man into
    the system, make him a business executive, a lawyer, a scientist just
    like upper-middle-class white people. The leftists will reply that the
    last thing they want is to make the black man into a copy of the white
    man; instead, they want to preserve African American culture. But in
    what does this preservation of African American culture consist? It
    can hardly consist in anything more than eating black-style food,
    listening to black-style music, wearing black-style clothing and going
    to a black-style church or mosque. In other words, it can express
    itself only in superficial matters. In all ESSENTIAL respects more
    leftists of the oversocialized type want to make the black man conform
    to white, middle-class ideals. They want to make him study technical
    subjects, become an executive or a scientist, spend his life climbing
    the status ladder to prove that black people are as good as white.
    They want to make black fathers "responsible." they want black gangs
    to become nonviolent, etc. But these are exactly the values of the
    industrial-technological system. The system couldn't care less what
    kind of music a man listens to, what kind of clothes he wears or what
    religion he believes in as long as he studies in school, holds a
    respectable job, climbs the status ladder, is a "responsible" parent,
    is nonviolent and so forth. In effect, however much he may deny it,
    the oversocialized leftist wants to integrate the black man into the
    system and make him adopt its values.

    30. We certainly do not claim that leftists, even of the
    oversocialized type, NEVER rebel against the fundamental values of our
    society. Clearly they sometimes do. Some oversocialized leftists have
    gone so far as to rebel against one of modern society's most important
    principles by engaging in physical violence. By their own account,
    violence is for them a form of "liberation." In other words, by
    committing violence they break through the psychological restraints
    that have been trained into them. Because they are oversocialized
    these restraints have been more confining for them than for others;
    hence their need to break free of them. But they usually justify their
    rebellion in terms of mainstream values. If they engage in violence
    they claim to be fighting against racism or the like.

    31. We realize that many objections could be raised to the foregoing
    thumb-nail sketch of leftist psychology. The real situation is
    complex, and anything like a complete description of it would take
    several volumes even if the necessary data were available. We claim
    only to have indicated very roughly the two most important tendencies
    in the psychology of modern leftism.

    32. The problems of the leftist are indicative of the problems of our
    society as a whole. Low self-esteem, depressive tendencies and
    defeatism are not restricted to the left. Though they are especially
    noticeable in the left, they are widespread in our society. And
    today's society tries to socialize us to a greater extent than any
    previous society. We are even told by experts how to eat, how to
    exercise, how to make love, how to raise our kids and so forth.

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    Default THE POWER PROCESS

    THE POWER PROCESS



    33. Human beings have a need (probably based in biology) for something
    that we will call the "power process." This is closely related to the
    need for power (which is widely recognized) but is not quite the same
    thing. The power process has four elements. The three most clear-cut
    of these we call goal, effort and attainment of goal. (Everyone needs
    to have goals whose attainment requires effort, and needs to succeed
    in attaining at least some of his goals.) The fourth element is more
    difficult to define and may not be necessary for everyone. We call it
    autonomy and will discuss it later (paragraphs 42-44).

    34. Consider the hypothetical case of a man who can have anything he
    wants just by wishing for it. Such a man has power, but he will
    develop serious psychological problems. At first he will have a lot of
    fun, but by and by he will become acutely bored and demoralized.
    Eventually he may become clinically depressed. History shows that
    leisured aristocracies tend to become decadent. This is not true of
    fighting aristocracies that have to struggle to maintain their power.
    But leisured, secure aristocracies that have no need to exert
    themselves usually become bored, hedonistic and demoralized, even
    though they have power. This shows that power is not enough. One must
    have goals toward which to exercise one's power.

    35. Everyone has goals; if nothing else, to obtain the physical
    necessities of life: food, water and whatever clothing and shelter are
    made necessary by the climate. But the leisured aristocrat obtains
    these things without effort. Hence his boredom and demoralization.

    36. Nonattainment of important goals results in death if the goals are
    physical necessities, and in frustration if nonattainment of the goals
    is compatible with survival. Consistent failure to attain goals
    throughout life results in defeatism, low self-esteem or depression.

    37. Thus, in order to avoid serious psychological problems, a human
    being needs goals whose attainment requires effort, and he must have a
    reasonable rate of success in attaining his goals.

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    Default SURROGATE ACTIVITIES

    SURROGATE ACTIVITIES



    38. But not every leisured aristocrat becomes bored and demoralized.
    For example, the emperor Hirohito, instead of sinking into decadent
    hedonism, devoted himself to marine biology, a field in which he
    became distinguished. When people do not have to exert themselves to
    satisfy their physical needs they often set up artificial goals for
    themselves. In many cases they then pursue these goals with the same
    energy and emotional involvement that they otherwise would have put
    into the search for physical necessities. Thus the aristocrats of the
    Roman Empire had their literary pretentions; many European aristocrats
    a few centuries ago invested tremendous time and energy in hunting,
    though they certainly didn't need the meat; other aristocracies have
    competed for status through elaborate displays of wealth; and a few
    aristocrats, like Hirohito, have turned to science.

    39. We use the term "surrogate activity" to designate an activity that
    is directed toward an artificial goal that people set up for
    themselves merely in order to have some goal to work toward, or let us
    say, merely for the sake of the "fulfillment" that they get from
    pursuing the goal. Here is a rule of thumb for the identification of
    surrogate activities. Given a person who devotes much time and energy
    to the pursuit of goal X, ask yourself this: If he had to devote most
    of his time and energy to satisfying his biological needs, and if that
    effort required him to use his physical and mental facilities in a
    varied and interesting way, would he feel seriously deprived because
    he did not attain goal X? If the answer is no, then the person's
    pursuit of a goal X is a surrogate activity. Hirohito's studies in
    marine biology clearly constituted a surrogate activity, since it is
    pretty certain that if Hirohito had had to spend his time working at
    interesting non-scientific tasks in order to obtain the necessities of
    life, he would not have felt deprived because he didn't know all about
    the anatomy and life-cycles of marine animals. On the other hand the
    pursuit of sex and love (for example) is not a surrogate activity,
    because most people, even if their existence were otherwise
    satisfactory, would feel deprived if they passed their lives without
    ever having a relationship with a member of the opposite sex. (But
    pursuit of an excessive amount of sex, more than one really needs, can
    be a surrogate activity.)

    40. In modern industrial society only minimal effort is necessary to
    satisfy one's physical needs. It is enough to go through a training
    program to acquire some petty technical skill, then come to work on
    time and exert very modest effort needed to hold a job. The only
    requirements are a moderate amount of intelligence, and most of all,
    simple OBEDIENCE. If one has those, society takes care of one from
    cradle to grave. (Yes, there is an underclass that cannot take
    physical necessities for granted, but we are speaking here of
    mainstream society.) Thus it is not surprising that modern society is
    full of surrogate activities. These include scientific work, athletic
    achievement, humanitarian work, artistic and literary creation,
    climbing the corporate ladder, acquisition of money and material goods
    far beyond the point at which they cease to give any additional
    physical satisfaction, and social activism when it addresses issues
    that are not important for the activist personally, as in the case of
    white activists who work for the rights of nonwhite minorities. These
    are not always pure surrogate activities, since for many people they
    may be motivated in part by needs other than the need to have some
    goal to pursue. Scientific work may be motivated in part by a drive
    for prestige, artistic creation by a need to express feelings,
    militant social activism by hostility. But for most people who pursue
    them, these activities are in large part surrogate activities. For
    example, the majority of scientists will probably agree that the
    "fulfillment" they get from their work is more important than the
    money and prestige they earn.

    41. For many if not most people, surrogate activities are less
    satisfying than the pursuit of real goals ( that is, goals that people
    would want to attain even if their need for the power process were
    already fulfilled). One indication of this is the fact that, in many
    or most cases, people who are deeply involved in surrogate activities
    are never satisfied, never at rest. Thus the money-maker constantly
    strives for more and more wealth. The scientist no sooner solves one
    problem than he moves on to the next. The long-distance runner drives
    himself to run always farther and faster. Many people who pursue
    surrogate activities will say that they get far more fulfillment from
    these activities than they do from the "mundane" business of
    satisfying their biological needs, but that it is because in our
    society the effort needed to satisfy the biological needs has been
    reduced to triviality. More importantly, in our society people do not
    satisfy their biological needs AUTONOMOUSLY but by functioning as
    parts of an immense social machine. In contrast, people generally have
    a great deal of autonomy in pursuing their surrogate activities. have
    a great deal of autonomy in pursuing their surrogate activities.

  10. #10
    ohio_golfer is offline Banned
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    Default AUTONOMY

    AUTONOMY



    42. Autonomy as a part of the power process may not be necessary for
    every individual. But most people need a greater or lesser degree of
    autonomy in working toward their goals. Their efforts must be
    undertaken on their own initiative and must be under their own
    direction and control. Yet most people do not have to exert this
    initiative, direction and control as single individuals. It is usually
    enough to act as a member of a SMALL group. Thus if half a dozen
    people discuss a goal among themselves and make a successful joint
    effort to attain that goal, their need for the power process will be
    served. But if they work under rigid orders handed down from above
    that leave them no room for autonomous decision and initiative, then
    their need for the power process will not be served. The same is true
    when decisions are made on a collective bases if the group making the
    collective decision is so large that the role of each individual is
    insignificant [5]

    43. It is true that some individuals seem to have little need for
    autonomy. Either their drive for power is weak or they satisfy it by
    identifying themselves with some powerful organization to which they
    belong. And then there are unthinking, animal types who seem to be
    satisfied with a purely physical sense of power(the good combat
    soldier, who gets his sense of power by developing fighting skills
    that he is quite content to use in blind obedience to his superiors).

    44. But for most people it is through the power process-having a goal,
    making an AUTONOMOUS effort and attaining t the goal-that self-esteem,
    self-confidence and a sense of power are acquired. When one does not
    have adequate opportunity to go throughout the power process the
    consequences are (depending on the individual and on the way the power
    process is disrupted) boredom, demoralization, low self-esteem,
    inferiority feelings, defeatism, depression, anxiety, guilt,
    frustration, hostility, spouse or child abuse, insatiable hedonism,
    abnormal sexual behavior, sleep disorders, eating disorders, etc. [6]

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